Efficacy of Laparoscopic Versus Open Myomectomy in Treating Uterine Fibroids: A Retrospective Study

Background: Surgical management is necessary for management of uterine fibroids that are symptomatic in most women. There are two established techniques for surgical management of myomas, laparoscopic (LM) and open (OM), and their comparative efficacy on surgical outcomes remains to be investigated. Objective: To compare the perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic myomectomy and open myomectomy in terms of operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain, and recovery time, with additional stratification by parity and obesity. Material and Methods: This study was conducted at the DHQ KDA Kohat, retrospectively during January to June 2022 and included 108 patients, of whom 54 were treated by LM and 54 by OM. We recorded demographic and clinical variables: age, BMI, parity, size and number of fibroids. Operative and patient outcomes, including operative time, estimated blood loss, postoperative pain (VAS scores) and recovery time were analyzed. Statistical comparisons were made using t test, with p-values ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Results: LM demonstrated significantly shorter operative time (74.07 ± 16.78 minutes vs. 128.43 ± 15.03 minutes), reduced blood loss (105.33 ± 28.01 mL vs. 317.34 ± 80.55 mL), lower postoperative pain scores (1.89 ± 0.56 vs. 4.97 ± 1.12), and quicker recovery time (5.15 ± 1.13 days vs. 10.50 ± 2.07 days; p < 0.05 for all). These advantages were consistent across parity and obesity subgroups, though the small sample size in obese patients limits definitive conclusions. Conclusion: Compared to open myomectomy, laparoscopic myomectomy results in superior surgical outcomes and recovery, establishing laparoscopic myomectomy as the preferred technique for management of patient with uterine fibroids.