Investigating the pharmacological properties of <i>Eurya nitida</i> Korth. Fruit extracts: promising anti-skin aging and anti-inflammatory effects

This research investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cholinesterase properties of fruit extracts, including <i>n</i>-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), <i>n</i>-butanol (<i>n</i>-BuOH), methanol (MeOH), and aqueous extracts from <i>Eurya nitida</i> Korth. (Pentaphylacaceae) for the first time. UPLC-QToF/MS analysis identified tentative compounds <b>1</b>-<b>12</b> in the MeOH extract. All extracts demonstrated notable <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant activity, with the EtOAc extract showing the highest total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reducing power (RP), and DPPH^• scavenging activity, with values of 175.9 ± 1.59 mg AAE/g, 98.47 ± 0.95 µg/mL (IC₅₀), and 3.22 ± 0.04 µg/mL (IC₅₀), respectively. In HaCaT keratinocytes, the EtOAc extract reduced H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. All extracts inhibited NO production in RAW264.7 cells activated by LPS, with the EtOAc extract showing the most significant inhibition (IC₅₀ ≈ 29.39 ± 0.67 µg/mL). However, these extracts exhibited weak AChE inhibitory activity. These findings suggest that <i>E. nitida</i> may be a promising candidate for skincare and anti-inflammatory applications.