Research on robot structure design and motion characteristics based on the bionic principle

With the development of science and technology, robot technology has been widely used in many fields, but traditional robots have limitations in terms of structure and motion performance. Based on the principle of bionics, this paper studies the structural design and motion characteristics of robots. The application principle of bionics in robot design is described, including the imitation of morphological structure, motion mechanism, perception, and control. The development course of the bionic robot is reviewed, which is divided into the embryo exploration stage, the technology development stage, and the rapid breakthrough stage. The working principle and typical cases of each stage are analysed. By comparing the structure design, control technology, application field, and effect of different development stages, the development trend of bionic robots is revealed. The research shows that although the bionic robot has made remarkable progress, it still faces challenges such as high cost and insufficient reliability. In the future, it is necessary to further optimize the structural design, improve the control algorithm, and reduce the cost to promote the wider application of bionic robots. The research results provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the development of bionic robots.