An Improved Crested Porcupine Optimizer: ICPO

To address the issues of the Crested Porcupine Optimizer (CPO) being prone to be trapped in local optima and low convergence precision, this paper proposes an improved Crested Porcupine Optimizer (ICPO) that integrates multiple strategies. The circle chaotic mapping strategy is introduced to enhance the diversity and uniformity of the population in the initialization phase of CPO. In the defense phase, the Cauchy mutation strategy is incorporated, and after the defense phase, the Vertical and Horizontal Crossover Strategy is integrated. Through simulation experiments conducted on six benchmark test functions and design of compression spring, and comparisons with other optimization algorithms, the results demonstrate that ICPO achieves superior performance in convergence speed, precision, and stability.