Topology Optimization Strategy for Wireless Backhaul Networks Based on Minimum Spanning Tree

With the advancement of interconnected technologies, wireless backhaul solutions represented by 3GPP's Relay architecture have emerged as crucial candidates for 5G networks. This study proposes an optimized deployment strategy for relay nodes (RNs) under predetermined candidate locations, aiming to minimize infrastructure costs while ensuring transmission quality. We develop a hierarchical topology construction algorithm combining breadth-first search with graph coloring theory, where distance metrics and backhaul quality parameters serve as dual weighting criteria. The algorithm systematically identifies donor eNodeBs (DeNBs) and establishes multi-hop connections through RNs' Radio Resource Network (RRN) and Relay Base Transceiver Station (ReBTS) modules. Our approach incorporates path loss constraints into the spanning tree generation process, effectively eliminating inefficient nodes through cost-benefit analysis while maintaining uniform node distribution across network clusters. The proposed methodology provides a practical framework for non-line-of-sight transmission enhancement and cost-effective 5G network deployment.