Design and Development of Compact Millimetrewave MIMO Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G IoT Applications

The proliferation of 5G Internet of Things (IoT) applications calls for new innovative antenna solutions with high performance in millimeter-wave communication. The present study proposes a new compact MIMO microstrip patch antenna suitable for the 26 GHz and 39 GHz frequency bands critical for 5G IoT ecosystems. These designs address miniaturization, highgain performance, and multi-band operation challenges through electromagnetic coupling and innovative geometric configurations. Utilizing high-precision substrate materials and optimized feeding techniques, the proposed antenna achieves excellent impedance matching, mutual coupling, and radiation characteristics. Overall simulation and experimental validation will be provided to show that the presented antenna exhibits superior performance such as gain <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$&gt;7 \mathbf{d B i}$</tex>, radiation efficiency <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$&gt;75 \%$</tex>, and a very compact form factor of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$&lt;20 \text{mm} \times 20 \text{mm}$</tex>. Through parametric analysis, robustness of the design in different substrate parameters and feeding configurations is shown. The developed MIMO microstrip patch antenna demonstrates tremendous promise for next-generation 5G IoT devices with increased spectral efficiency, compact size, and reliable high-frequency communication. The findings significantly contribute to the advancement of mmWave antenna technologies for emerging IoT applications