A Novel UWB Compact Microstrip Antenna with Log Spiral Patch

The current paper proposes the geometry of a novel, compact and efficient antenna in the ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency range i.e. 3.1 to 10.6 GHz band. The purpose of this research work is to create a novel log spiral-shaped patch antenna with an optimised partial ground plane having multiple slots with substrate material as FR4-Epoxy. The proposed antenna achieves excellent S-parameter characteristics in the radiating band by using a proper design methodology in the software Ansys HFSS 2024 R2. The actual bandwidth of the designed antenna is found to be greater than 7.5 GHz (i.e. much beyond the usual bandwidth of a UWB antenna). The radiation patterns in Electric field-plane and Magnetic field-plane are found to be directional at the various resonant frequencies. Analysis is also done in terms of the moving charge density distribution on the surface of the antenna. The designed antenna has novelty in the way that it exhibits the peak gain of 7.7 dB which is very high despite the small antenna dimensions. The proposed antenna dimension is <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$27 \times 24.2 \text{mm}^{2}$</tex> with 1.6 mm depth. It is quite useful for the various high-speed applications as far as the ultra-wideband is concerned.