Assessment of Methane Concentration Changes in Ukraine: Integrating Satellite Data and Land Cover Analysis

This study comprehensively analyzes methane concentration dynamics over Ukraine from 2019 to 2024 using Sentinel-5P satellite data. The research reveals a significant increase in average annual methane concentration, exceeding 2% over the five-year period. Spatial analysis demonstrates notable regional variations, with northern and central regions experiencing more pronounced growth than southern areas affected by military activities. A strong correlation (Pearson coefficient 0.72) between methane concentration and agricultural land area was identified, suggesting that over half of the methane concentration variability can be attributed to changes in farmland extent. The study also compares methane levels over cultivated and abandoned agricultural lands, providing insights into land use impacts on methane emissions. The findings highlight the agricultural sector's role in methane emissions and underscore the need for targeted mitigation strategies. This research contributes to understanding methane dynamics in Ukraine and provides valuable information for climate change adaptation and emission reduction efforts.