A Quantitative Evaluation Framework for Scenic Area Development Planning from the Perspective of Sustainable Tourism

Based on the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this study constructs a quantitative evaluation framework for the sustainable development of scenic areas, encompassing economic, environmental, and social dimensions. In the economic dimension, indicators such as tourism revenue growth rate, capital investment, and labor input are used to measure the economic contribution of scenic areas. The environmental dimension assesses the ecological impact through indicators including carbon emissions, water resource consumption, and waste discharge. The social dimension evaluates the effects of tourism activities on society using indicators such as community participation, resident well-being, and social negative effects. Data sources include questionnaire surveys, government statistics, and field investigations, with expert interviews employed to determine weight coefficients. The weight allocation follows an expert scoring method, assigning weights based on the importance of each indicator. A mathematical model is then developed to calculate the Sustainable Tourism Index (STI), defining different STI value intervals for scenic areas. The findings provide a quantitative basis for policymakers to formulate scientifically sound tourism planning strategies, ensuring that scenic areas balance economic growth with environmental protection and social well-being, thereby promoting the practical application and implementation of SDGs in scenic area development planning.