The association between RAD51 and XRCC3 genetic variants and non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk among Egyptian population: A case-control study

Background Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases, from the most benign to the worst forms of cancer. Currently, NHL is considered one of the fastest-growing malignant tumors worldwide. The prevalence of NHL has risen in recent decades due to many factors, including immunosuppression, genetics, and chemical exposure. Hematological malignancies are intimately linked to anomalies in DNA repair systems since these mechanisms are important for repairing DNA damage and maintaining genomic integrity. This study aimed at studying association between two important genes in DNA repair; RAD51 3879 T>A and radiography repair cross complementing 3 (XRCC3) 562 A>G genetic variants and B-NHL hazard among the Egyptian population. The current research involved 100 B-NHL patients with and 100 matched healthy control patients. All included patients were subjected to clinical, laboratory and radiological assessments in addition to the assessment of their reaction to therapy. Genetic typing of patient and control subjects for RAD51 rs2619679 (g.3879 T>A) and XRCC3 rs1799796 (c.562 A>G) polymorphism was done using real-time PCR utilizing TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping. Results Comparison between the distribution of alleles and genotypes revealed that neither the existence of A or T allele of the RAD51 gene nor the A or G allele of the XRCC3 had statistically significant difference among B-NHL cases and healthy controls except for AG genotype in XRCC3 which revealed statistically significant variance among B-NHL patients and healthy controls ( P value=0.04) indicating increased risk in individuals carrying the AG genotype to develop NHL. Also, Statistical analysis of the relation between mutant or wild genotypes of RAD51 and XRCC3 in contrast to different clinicopathological data in B NHL patients revealed no statistically significant variance ( P value >0.05) except for XRCC3 with hepatomegaly ( P value=0.045). Conclusion Although most of our study findings are statistically insignificant, the current study helps to shed light on the possible impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms of RAD51 and XRCC3 in B-NHL.