The differential diagnostic value and clinical significance of cluster of differentiation 35 expressions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Background Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) stands as the most prevalent form of lymphoproliferative disorder. Cluster of differentiation 35 (CD35) is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein that possesses both receptor and regulatory functions. This work was aimed at investigating the differential diagnostic value as well as the clinical significance of CD35 expression among CLL cases. Patients and methods Our research included 60 cases, with ages between 25 and 77 years, both sexes, with B-chronic lymphoproliferative disorder (B-CLPD). Participants underwent an equal categorization into two groups: group I: 30 adult cases who had newly developed CLL and group II: 30 adult cases who had newly developed B-CLPD other than CLL. Our team gathered a comprehensive medical history from all participants and then conducted a thorough clinical evaluation, routine laboratory investigations, radiological investigations, and the specific laboratory test immunophenotyping on peripheral blood or bone marrow samples for detection of CD35 on lymphocytes. Results A statistically significant variation was documented regarding CD35 expression among CLL and other B-CLPDs cases, especially mantle cell lymphoma. CD35% expression at cut-off less than or equal to 30% is capable of differentiating CLL from mantle cell lymphoma. Conclusion CD35 is more likely to be a beneficial, convenient, and inexpensive marker of routine laboratory analysis while diagnosing atypical CLL cases to whom the Matutes scoring system is inefficient.