Analysis of the efficiency of distributed fiber optic acoustic sensors in monitoring systems

This article examines the efficiency of distributed fiber optic acoustic sensors in monitoring systems. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of distributed fiber optic acoustic sensors and to analyze their role in monitoring systems. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to study the application areas of fiber optic acoustic sensor technology in monitoring systems and to identify the advantages and limitations of fiber optic acoustic sensors. To complete these tasks, theoretical and experimental methods were used, and interferometric and Brillouin models were analyzed. According to the results, the sensors operate with 95% accuracy at a distance of 100 meters in oil and gas pipelines, and with 98% reliability within a 5 km radius in seismic monitoring. In construction sites, the ability to detect 0.2 mm vibrations demonstrated high accuracy. The sensors are not susceptible to electromagnetic interference and can detect pressure changes of 10^-4> Pa. Among the limitations are high cost (from $10.000 to $100.000) and the need for complex technical support. It is recommended to integrate them with artificial intelligence and adapt them to high temperatures in the future.