Cross-sex hormone therapy in rats induces sex-specific adaptations of renal function and sodium transporters expression

CHT induces sex-specific renal adaptations. Testosterone in females reduces the excretion of sodium and other ions, which may predispose to hypertension. Conversely, estradiol + algestone in males decrease the glomerular filtration rate and alter sodium handling, suggesting maladaptive responses. The expression of sodium transporters was altered in a sex- and nephron segment-specific manner. These findings highlight the need for further studies on the renal consequences of hormone therapy in transgender individuals.