Linguistic specificity of the lexical unit “доброта” (kindness, goodness) in back translation

The research aims to determine the signs of linguistic specificity of the lexical unit “доброта” (kindness, goodness) in translation from English into Russian, based on the material of the parallel corpus of the Russian National Corpus. The article shows that the Russian word “доброта” exhibits all the signs of possible linguistic specificity: a large number of words and phrases, in response to which the analyzed lexical unit appears in the Russian translation, as well as cases of their absence. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the contextual conditions for the appearance of the word “доброта” in the Russian translation are considered and described for the first time, the semantics of the analyzed unit and its correspondences are clarified. As a result of the research, it is confirmed that many different functionally equivalent fragments (including those encountered only once), in response to which the word “доброта” appears in the Russian translation, form a special configuration of semantic components and possible variants of the meaning of the lexical unit. At the same time, the data of component and contextual analysis show that none of the English correspondences possesses a unique combination of these semantic components in one type of usage.