DUA-MQTT: A Distributed High-Availability Message Communication Model for the Industrial Internet of Things

With the rapid development of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), the scale of industrial equipment has expanded, leading to an increasing diversity of communication protocols and a significant rise in data transmission volume within industrial networks. Traditional communication systems, constrained by concurrency and throughput limitations, struggle to meet the demands of massive data transmission. To address this issue, this paper proposes a distributed high-availability message communication model for IIoT (DUA-MQTT) based on the OPC UA architecture. It integrates the distributed MQTT protocol to enhance concurrency and throughput performance. Additionally, to improve the information processing capability of the proposed model, this paper designs an information-modeling model based on industrial unstructured text data (MAC-GC), which generates structured data nodes that comply with the OPC UA information model specification through hierarchical annotation, accurately mapping device functions and attributes. Experimental results show that, compared with traditional communication models, the DUA-MQTT model reduces end-to-end latency by 28.6% and increases throughput by 22.2%, effectively enhancing the concurrency of data transmission. In terms of information-modeling capabilities, MAC-GC outperforms other models in accuracy (0.9701), recall (0.9601), and F1 score (0.9651), effectively improving the utilization efficiency and modeling accuracy of unstructured data.