Co-Management at Peweñentu? A Micro-Political Ecology Perspective of Mapuche Sense of Environmental Justice at Villarrica National Park, Chile

Abstract We examined the sense of justice embraced by Mapuche leaders and activists involved in the conservation and governance of Villarrica National Park. Through this process, we identified three key positions on co-management that reflect two distinct territorial representations of the park. One group emphasized participation and distribution, assigning less importance to recognition as an aspect of justice. In contrast, the other two groups regarded recognition as equally important alongside participation and distribution. According to most Mapuche leaders, communities do not perceive benefits from the park, and some highlighted the negative consequences of establishing this protected area. We conclude by exploring key factors that may influence a potential co-management scenario at the park.