Design and Characteristic Simulation of Polarization-Maintaining Anti-Resonant Hollow-Core Fiber for 2.79 μm Er, Cr: YSGG Laser Transmission

Anti-resonant hollow-core fibers have exhibited excellent performance in applications such as high-power pulse transmission, network communication, space exploration, and precise sensing. Employing anti-resonant hollow-core fibers instead of light guiding arms for transmitting laser energy at the 2.79 μm band can significantly enhance the flexibility of medical laser handles, reduce system complexity, and increase laser transmission efficiency. Nevertheless, common anti-resonant hollow-core fibers do not have the ability to maintain the polarization state of light during laser transmission, which greatly affects their practical applications. In this paper, we propose a polarization-maintaining anti-resonant hollow-core fiber applicable for transmission at the mid-infrared 2.79 μm band. This fiber features a symmetrical geometric structure and an asymmetric refractive index cladding composed of quartz and a type of mid-infrared glass with a higher refractive index. Through optimizing the fiber structure at the wavelength scale, single-polarization transmission can be achieved at the 2.79 μm wavelength, with a polarization extinction ratio exceeding 1.01 × 105, indicating its stable polarization-maintaining performance. Simultaneously, it possesses low-loss transmission characteristics, with the loss in the x-polarized fundamental mode being less than 9.8 × 10−3 dB/m at the 2.79 µm wavelength. This polarization-maintaining anti-resonant hollow-core fiber provides a more reliable option for the light guiding system of the 2.79 μm Er; Cr: YSGG laser therapy device.