Full-scale Testing and Theoretical Analysis of Wall Circumferential Stress in the Prefabricated Steel Plate-concrete Underground Silos

Underground ecological silos offer significant advantages, including low temperature and sealing capabilities, environmental sustainability, and conservation of energy and land. However, their widespread adoption is impeded by challenges such as the necessity for high-standard waterproofing and moisture-proofing, extended construction periods due to wet operations, and substantial costs associated with foundation pit support. The prefabricated steel plate-concrete composite underground silo emerges as a novel solution, boasting a shorter construction period and superior waterproofing and moisture-proofing performance. Despite these benefits, the method for calculating the internal forces on the silo wall under earth pressure has not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to address the gap in understanding circumferential stress in prefabricated steel plate-concrete underground silos. Using experimental testing and numerical simulations, we developed modified equations for calculating circumferential stresses in concrete, internal steel plates, and circumferential steel bars. Our findings reveal that circumferential stress initially increases and then decreases along the wall's height, with peak compressive stress occurring one-third from the bottom. The finite element model's accuracy is confirmed by a deviation of less than 10% between numerical results and experimental values. These insights provides a robust theoretical basis for designing prefabricated steel plate-concrete underground silos.