Evaluating the Selectivity of Novel ZIC-HILIC Columns and an Application for Determining Antihistaminic Drugs in Pharmaceutical Preparations

The hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) conjugated with UV spectrometry was employed to the determination of two antihistaminic drugs (Acrivastine and fexofenadine) in pharmaceutical formulations using two lab-made zwitterionic HILIC stationary phases (ZIC-2 and ZIC-5). The study aimed to investigate the impact of separation parameters including acetonitrile (ACN) content, pH of the eluent, and acetate buffer concentration on the retention behavior of Acrivastine and fexofenadine. A mixture of 3.0 mM acetate buffer (pH 4.75) and ACN (30:70) was used as eluent, with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The detection wavelength was controlled at 267nm. The linearity of Acrivastine and fexofenadine is 0.09-13.5 and 0.09-9 µg/mL on the ZIC-2 and ZIC-5 columns, respectively. The proposed methods exhibited a high level of precision (RSD ≤ 0.82), these methods determined the LOD for Acrivastine in ZIC-2 and ZIC-5 to be (0.030 – 0.008 µg/ml) and LOQ (0.090 – 0.024 µg/ml), respectively. LOD values for fexofenadine were determined to be (0.050 – 0.020 µg/ml) for ZIC2 and ZIC5, respectively. Additionally, LOQ values were found to be (0.1515 – 0.060 µg/ml) for ZIC2 and ZIC5, respectively.