Real-World Adalimumab Trough Levels, Antidrug Antibody Levels, and Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis

The variability in adalimumab exposure is wide in patients with RA. However, no clear association was observed between adalimumab exposure and disease activity. These findings suggest that therapeutic drug monitoring aids in identifying patients with underexposure or overexposure to adalimumab and support individualized dose optimization, particularly in patients with low disease activity. Future prospective studies are required to evaluate the longitudinal effects of TDM-guided strategies.