Sustainable Revival of Spent Ni‐Rich Cathodes: High‐Temperature Endurance and Accelerated Kinetics via Strategic Upcycling

Abstract The paradigm shift toward the disposal of retired batteries demands sustainable and cost‐effective recycling methods that surpass conventional pyro‐/hydrometallurgy‐based techniques, offering superior profitability, energy efficiency, resource utilization, and environmental benefits. In this study, a one‐step modulation approach is presented for regenerating spent Ni‐rich layered oxides featured with exceptional ion diffusivity and high‐temperature stability. By exploiting decomposed species from Li 6 Zr 2 O 7 , monitored via high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction, the strategy simultaneously enables: Li source replenishment, Zr doping into the bulk lattice, and Conformal ion‐conductive Li 2 ZrO 3 coating on regenerated LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (R‐NCM811‐2%LZO). Crucially, the upcycling process strategically utilizes lattice vacancies in the oxide to facilitate Zr dopant diffusion, while Li 2 ZrO 3 coating elevates corrosion resistance and thermal stability. Operando phase tracking reveals that the regenerated cathode maintains reversible lattice breathing and undergoes a continuous, kinetics‐boosted phase transition. By pairing R‐NCM811‐2%LZO cathode with graphite anode in a 3.0 Ah pouch‐format cell, the prototype achieves an energy density of 302 Wh kg −1 , extreme power output of 1260 W kg −1 , 63% mitigation of self‐discharge rate at 55 °C, as well as robust cycling across a wide temperature range. This value‐added strategy upgrades spent NCM811 into high‐temperature‐tolerant, fast‐charging cathodes, paving the way for sustainable battery recycling and circular economy initiatives.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Functional Materials
Published
2025-08-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202513772
Citations
2
Primary Topic
Extraction and Separation Processes
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.43

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article

Sustainable Revival of Spent Ni‐Rich Cathodes: High‐Temperature Endurance and Accelerated Kinetics via Strategic Upcycling

Yue Ma, Cheng Lü, Xiaoyu Tang, Tongshuai Wang et al.
2 citations
Advanced Functional Materials
Extraction and Separation Processes
1.43
article

Sustainable Revival of Spent Ni‐Rich Cathodes: High‐Temperature Endurance and Accelerated Kinetics via Strategic Upcycling

Yue Ma, Cheng Lü, Xiaoyu Tang, Tongshuai Wang, Ahu Shao, Yuxiang Guo, Jiacheng Liu, Yaxin Zhang, Chunwei Li, Zhiqiao Wang, Yunsong Li, Yisheng Hu, Jiawen Tang
article en
2 citations

Abstract

Abstract The paradigm shift toward the disposal of retired batteries demands sustainable and cost‐effective recycling methods that surpass conventional pyro‐/hydrometallurgy‐based techniques, offering superior profitability, energy efficiency, resource utilization, and environmental benefits. In this study, a one‐step modulation approach is presented for regenerating spent Ni‐rich layered oxides featured with exceptional ion diffusivity and high‐temperature stability. By exploiting decomposed species from Li 6 Zr 2 O 7 , monitored via high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction, the strategy simultaneously enables: Li source replenishment, Zr doping into the bulk lattice, and Conformal ion‐conductive Li 2 ZrO 3 coating on regenerated LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (R‐NCM811‐2%LZO). Crucially, the upcycling process strategically utilizes lattice vacancies in the oxide to facilitate Zr dopant diffusion, while Li 2 ZrO 3 coating elevates corrosion resistance and thermal stability. Operando phase tracking reveals that the regenerated cathode maintains reversible lattice breathing and undergoes a continuous, kinetics‐boosted phase transition. By pairing R‐NCM811‐2%LZO cathode with graphite anode in a 3.0 Ah pouch‐format cell, the prototype achieves an energy density of 302 Wh kg −1 , extreme power output of 1260 W kg −1 , 63% mitigation of self‐discharge rate at 55 °C, as well as robust cycling across a wide temperature range. This value‐added strategy upgrades spent NCM811 into high‐temperature‐tolerant, fast‐charging cathodes, paving the way for sustainable battery recycling and circular economy initiatives.

Advanced Functional MaterialsVol. 36(8)
Northwestern Polytechnical University (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China, Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province
Openalex Percentile: Top 18%
Extraction and Separation Processes
1.43
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