Optimizing fertigation to enhance potassium use efficiency in cotton

Potassium (K) plays a vital role in cotton growth by enhancing fiber quality, boll formation and the resistance to environmental stresses. Conventional fertilization methods often lead to inefficient K uptake, limiting crop productivity and contributing to nutrient loss. This study investigates the effect of optimized fertigation on improving potassium use efficiency (KUE) in cotton. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with eight different fertigation treatments with varying nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and K levels. The findings revealed that drip fertigation with 125 % K (T8) significantly enhanced soil K availability, plant uptake and overall yield compared to traditional fertilization K absorption peaked during boll development, highlighting the importance of applying nutrients at the right growth stages. Additionally, the highest potassium retention was observed in the topsoil (0-15 cm), reducing nutrient losses through leaching. This study underscores the benefits of precise fertigation scheduling in enhancing nutrient efficiency, improving cotton yield and maintaining soil health. By adopting targeted nutrient management practices, cotton farmers can achieve higher productivity while promoting sustainable soil fertility.