Maternal outcomes of pregnant women with abnormal placental implantation during labor

Background Abnormal placental implantation (API) encompasses conditions such placenta accreta, increta, placenta previa, and other related disorders that represent a critical obstetric complications characterized by a berrent attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall. These conditions have a significant implication for maternal and fetal well-being. Aim This study aims to assess maternal outcomes among pregnant women with API. Patients and methods A descriptive research design was utilized in this study. A purposive sample of 150 pregnant women diagnosed with API confirmed by ultrasound scan were recruited for 1 year. The study was conducted at the maternity wards at Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo University Hospital. Results The results of the current study show that the age range of the study sample ranged from less than 20 to more than 40 years, with a mean of 32.4±5.7. More than half of the study sample (58.7%) had an age range of 31 to 40 years old. Regarding the level of education, 55.3% had received secondary education, 58% were living in urban areas, and 85.3% were housewives. The mean number of gravidity was 4.4±1.7 compared to the mean number of parity, which was 3.1±1.4, respectively. Ten percent of the study sample ( n =15) reported a previous history of API in the form of placental previa. Moreover, 92% of the study sample delivered by cesarean section (CS) in a previous pregnancy and 53.6% had a previous history of previous CS more than three times, respectively. Moreover, 86% suffered from hemorrhage during delivery and needed blood transfusion, 42.6% were exposed to hysterectomy, and 15.6% developed bladder injury. Conclusion API presents significant risks to maternal health. Maternal outcomes during labor, such as hemorrhage and hysterectomy, and severe morbidity, such as bladder injury, are common. So, early diagnosis and a decrease rate of CS rate is crucial to improving these outcomes. Recommendations Increase awareness of women regarding complications from previous CS on future pregnancy outcomes.