Experimental study and modeling of transient operation modes of the microprocessors cooling system of on-board ship systems

The analysis of the transient operating modes of microprocessor cooling systems used in on-board ship systems, such as navigation systems (ECDIS), radar equipment and communication systems, is carried out. The relevance of the study is due to the growing demands on the performance and reliability of microprocessors in marine operation, where an aggressive environment (high humidity, salt aerosols, vibrations) exacerbates the problems of heat dissipation. The inertia of a liquid cooling system based on a refrigerating machine has been experimentally studied during the abrupt transition of an Intel Core i7-13700K microprocessor to stress mode. It is shown that the response time of the cooling system (50-90 s) significantly lags behind the rate of change in processor heat generation, which is critical for marine systems where overheating can lead to failures in navigation or communication. Optimization methods are proposed: the use of a boosting circuit with the activation of additional cooling capacity, the integration of cold storage batteries and the synchronization of the processor with the refrigeration unit. The simulation results demonstrate the dependence of energy efficiency PUE (Power Usage Efficiency) on the coolant flow rate and ambient temperature. It has been revealed that systems with microchannel heat exchangers and minicompressors provide cooling capacity up to 250 Watts, which meets the requirements of marine standards (IEC 60945, MIL-STD-810G). The need to develop adaptive cooling systems that minimize inertia and are resistant to extreme sea conditions is emphasized. The results obtained have theoretical and practical significance for the design of marine onboard computing systems, where reliability and energy efficiency directly affect the safety and reliability of navigation and communications on long voyages.