Analysis of Eyring-Powell hybrid nanofluid flow with magnetic dipole over a stretching sheet

Abstract Stretching surfaces under localized magnetic fields, such as magnetic dipoles, enhance the thermal management and materials processing applications across industries. This study presents a numerical analysis of the boundary layer flow, heat, and mass transfer characteristics of an Eyring-Powell hybrid nanofluid over a linearly stretching sheet, incorporating the significant effects of a magnetic dipole. The governing non-linear partial differential equations describing the conservation of mass, momentum, energy, and nanoparticle concentration are transformed into a system of coupled two-variable differential equations using appropriate non-similarity transformation techniques. Due to the complexity and non-linearity of the resulting system, a robust numerical approach, the bivariate pseudospectral method, is used to obtain accurate solutions. The efficacy and convergence of the numerical scheme are rigorously demonstrated through the presentation and analysis of residual error and solution error plots respectively, confirming the reliability of the obtained results. The numerical investigation explores the impact of various pertinent parameters on the fluid velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles, as well as the associated skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number. It is notably observed that increasing the distinct Eyring-Powell fluid parameters yields contrasting effects on the drag force experienced at the sheet surface. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that both the Biot number and the thermal radiation parameter exert qualitatively similar enhancing influences on the rate of heat transfer from the fluid to the stretching sheet wall. This work provides valuable insights into the complex interplay of non-Newtonian rheology, magnetic dipole effects, and hybrid nanoparticle transport in boundary layer flows.