FPGA-Driven Secure Energy Routing and Attack Detection in Decentralized Microgrids With SREM-Based Dynamic Path Optimization

Decentralized microgrids, driven by IoT devices and renewable energy in smart homes, face challenges in secure energy routing due to collusion attacks and scalability issues. Existing protocols like Ad-hoc Distance Vector Security Extension (AODV-SEC) and blockchain-based solutions suffer from slow authentication (3.1ms latency) and static paths, contributing to 45% of microgrid incidents. The Secure Routing Energy Mechanism (SREM) addresses these with Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) accelerated authentication (<1ms latency), dynamic path optimization via hourly gij updates, and collusion-resistant checks (98% detection accuracy). Simulations show SREM achieves 10