Cybersecurity Challenges in the Era of Internet of Things (IoT): A Comprehensive Review

The vast availability of the Internet of Things (IoT) has created a profound degree of interconnection, while at the same time, creating distinct hurdles in cybersecurity. This document explains all these challenges related to device weaknesses, network intricacies, data privacy issues, and threats that are broadening over time. By performing a systematic review of literature, (2022-2023) analysis of some of the popular attack pathways, and the heuristic approach, the research aims to show IoT ecosystems’ lack of security at the foundational level. The results highlight adequately the need for well thought out policies of security-by-design, enhanced identity controls, and evolving strategies for threat detection. The paper strongly argues the IoT domain’s quick unparalleled growth calls for bold and unified actions in standardized security policies to protect the space.