Retroflex tongue as a non-invasive neurological marker of functional severity in older adults with ischemic stroke: a retrospective observational study
Absence of retroflex tongue is more strongly associated with stroke severity and functional impairment than tongue deviation. As a simple, observable motor sign, RT may serve as a practical bedside indicator for early neurological assessment. However, given its preliminary status, further validation in prospective, multi-center studies is warranted before clinical application.
Authors
- John Y. Chiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-4017)
- Y. S. Huang
- Po-Chi Hsu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1948-5450)
- Hen‐Hong Chang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7840-1504)
- Lun-Chien Lo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6106-2983)
Institutions
- National Sun Yat-sen University (TW)
- Kaohsiung Medical University (TW)
- China Medical University (TW)
- Ministry of Health and Welfare (TW)
- China Medical University Hospital (TW)
- Changhua Christian Hospital (TW)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Neurology
- Published
- 2025-08-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1632351
- Primary Topic
- Dysphagia Assessment and Management
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- China Medical University Hospital
- China Medical University
- Changhua Christian Hospital
- Division of Materials Research