Coupled Structure-Fluid Analysis of Fiber Shaking in Dry Spinning

The global automotive industry has seen an increase in battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, which has been driven by incentives. Battery electric vehicles suffer from low-temperature performance issues and limited charging infrastructure, while fuel cell vehicles deliver high energy efficiency and zero tailpipe emissions, but they are hampered by sparse refueling networks and stringent safety requirements for pressurized hydrogen. Carbon fiber–reinforced composite tanks are produced using a dry-spinning process that has been stagnant since the 1990s.