From Winter Wind to Summer Sun: Unlocking the Arctic Region's Sustainable Energy Potential

There is a persistent research gap regarding the techno-economic feasibility of renewable energy in the Arctic. This study explores the potential of Lapland, a remote region in northern Finland, to become an Arctic energy hub, leveraging its abundant renewable energy resources to produce e-fuels and e-chemicals. Using the LUT Energy System Transition Model, Lapland is simulated as a node within a country-wide energy system, enabling the exchange of electricity with other parts of Finland. The results show that levelised cost of electricity as low as 28.2 €/MWh can be achieved for an entirely renewable energy supply mix by 2050. Results show that Lapland's power generation capacity can grow from 2.2 GW in 2020 to 7.5 GW by 2050, with wind power dominating the electricity generation, eliminating CO 2 emissions in the power and heat sectors as early as 2030. The study also highlights the potential for Lapland to become an e-fuel exporter, with the region's existing pulp and paper industry creating favourable conditions to use biogenic CO 2 to produce e-hydrocarbons. Furthermore, over 5000 GWh th of waste heat from fuel conversion units could support local agricultural production in greenhouses and enhance food security. The findings demonstrate that Lapland can play a crucial role in fostering Finland’s phase-out of net electricity imports and reduce CO 2 emissions, while also contributing to the region's economic development and sustainability. • Transition of Lapland’s energy system is simulated within the broader Finnish system • Lapland can reach 100% renewable energy by 2050 with wind power leading the way • Wind power capacity to reach 4.5 GW, using only 0.6% of unprotected Arctic land • CO 2 emissions to be eliminated by 2030 for power and heat, and completely by 2050 • Waste heat from electrolysers can be used in greenhouses for local food production