Hubungan Postur Kerja Ergonomis dan Beban Kerja dengan Upper Limb Pain pada Petugas Cleaning Servive

Abstract: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among workers have become an increasingly urgent health issue worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between work posture and workload with upper limb pain (ULP) among cleaning service workers. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional deesign conducted on 52 cleaning service workers at Universitas Sam Ratulangi using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The instruments were the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) worksheet to evaluate work posture, the NASA-TLX questionnaire to assess workload, and the Nordic Body Map questionnaire to measure ULP complaints. The results showed that the majority of posture risk levels assessed by using RULA, were categorized as high risk (88.9%). Similarly, workload risks assessed by using NASA-TLX were predominantly at high risk (86.7%). However, the majority of complaint levels assessed by using NBM were classified as mild risk (77.8%). The Spearman correlation test showed no significant relationship between work posture and ULP (p=0.505), and a correlation coefficient value of 0.102 which meant a weak correlation. Whereas, there was a significant relationship between workload and ULP (p=0.039), and a coefficient value of -0.309* which meant a moderate correlation with an unidirectional relationship. In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between work posture and ULP. However, there is a significant relationship between workload and ULP, characterized by a moderate correlation value and a negative relationship, indicating that as the workload increases, the ULP tends to decrease. Keywords: posture; workload; upper limb pain; cleaning service worker Abstrak: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja menjadi salah satu isu kesehatan yang semakin mendesak di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara postur kerja dan beban kerja dengan upper limb pain (ULP) pada petugas cleaning service. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Responden penelitian ialah 52 petugas cleaning service Universitas Sam Ratulangi diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan ialah Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) untuk menilai postur kerja, NASA-TLX Questioner untuk menilai beban kerja, dan Nordic Body Map Questioner untuk menilai keluhan ULP. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa mayoritas tingkat risiko postur tubuh menggunakan RULA berisiko tinggi (88,9%), beban kerja menggunakan NASA-TLX berisiko tingi (86,7%), dan tingkat keluhan menggunakan NBM berisiko ringan (77,8%). Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara postur kerja dengan ULP (p=0,505), dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,102 yang berarti korelasi lemah. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara beban kerja dengan ULP (p=0,039) dan nilai koefisien -0,309* yang berarti korelasi cukup dengan arah hubungan tidak searah. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara postur kerja dengan ULP dengan nilai korelasi lemah, namun terdapat hubungan bermakna antara beban kerja dengan ULP dengan nilai korelasi cukup dan arah hubungan negatif yang menunjukkan bahwa jika beban kerja meningkat maka ULP cenderung menurun. Kata kunci: postur tubuh; beban kerja; upper limb pain; petugas cleaning service