Design and implementation of a high-precision data acquisition system based on AD7177-2

To address the challenge of balancing conversion rate and precision in high-precision data acquisition, this paper presents a system leveraging the AD7177-2 and STM32F407, innovatively integrate the following three designs: a dual-reference dynamic switching architecture designed for the balance between speed and precision, a three-dimensional error calibration strategy for system precision optimization, and a novel signal conditioning structure adopting wide dynamic range adaptation technology. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed architecture reduces high-speed reference noise by nearly 30% compared to single-reference designs. Experimental results demonstrate an up to 24.9-bit effective resolution at 5 SPS (0.0635μV RMS), 23.3-bit resolution at 50 SPS (0.803 μV RMS), which is comparable to high precision digital multimeter like 8508A in specific range, outperforming industrial benchmarks in different scenarios.