Perlindungan Hukum Korban Berita Bohong “Hoax” melalui Jejaring Media Sosial TikTok

Abstract. The development of information technology and social media such as TikTok has made it easier to disseminate information, but it has also triggered the spread of fake news (hoaxes) that can harm society. This study examines legal protection for victims of hoaxes based on the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (ITE Law) and the legal responsibility of those who spread them. The objective is to analyze the forms of legal protection available and evaluate the effectiveness of holding perpetrators accountable. The method used is a normative legal approach with a descriptive-analytical perspective. The data analyzed includes primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research focuses on provisions in the UU ITE, the Criminal Code (KUHP), and case studies of hoax dissemination on TikTok. The results of the study show that Article 28 paragraph (3) in conjunction with Article 45A paragraph (3) of the ITE Law has regulated sanctions for hoax spreaders, but still faces challenges in its implementation, such as low digital literacy and suboptimal platform responsibility. Legal protection includes preventive and repressive measures, but repressive efforts have not been fully effective. In conclusion, protection for victims of hoaxes on TikTok needs to be strengthened through collaboration between the government, law enforcement agencies, and platform providers. Abstrak. Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan media sosial seperti TikTok memudahkan penyebaran informasi, namun juga memicu maraknya berita bohong (hoax) yang dapat merugikan masyarakat. Penelitian ini mengkaji perlindungan hukum terhadap korban hoax berdasarkan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) serta tanggung jawab hukum pelaku penyebarannya. Tujuannya adalah untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum yang tersedia dan mengevaluasi efektivitas pertanggungjawaban pelaku hoax. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis. Data yang dianalisis berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada ketentuan dalam UU ITE, KUHP, serta studi kasus penyebaran hoax di TikTok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pasal 28 ayat (3) jo Pasal 45A ayat (3) UU ITE telah mengatur sanksi bagi penyebar hoax, namun masih menghadapi tantangan dalam implementasinya, seperti rendahnya literasi digital dan kurang optimalnya tanggung jawab platform. Perlindungan hukum mencakup tindakan preventif dan represif, namun upaya represif belum sepenuhnya efektif. Kesimpulannya, perlindungan korban hoax di TikTok perlu diperkuat melalui sinergi antara pemerintah, aparat hukum, dan penyedia platform.