Sintesis Konjugat Kurkumin dengan Fenilalanin dan Isoleusin sebagai Kandidat Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract. Curcumin is the main polyphenol compound of Curcuma longa that has a variety of biological activities, including as an antibacterial. However, its low solubility in water and its lack of stability limit its maximum utilization. One strategy to increase the biological effectiveness of curcumin is through conjugation with amino acids. This study aims to synthesize curcumin conjugate with the amino acids phenylalanine and isoleucine as antibacterial candidates against Staphylococcus aureus. Synthesis was carried out by the Steglich esterification method using DCC and DMAP in dioxane solvents, followed by purification through column chromatography with silica gel. The synthesis results showed the formation of curcumin-phenylalanine (Boc) and curcumin-isoleucin(Boc) conjugate with yields of 2.09% and 1.46%, respectively. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the curcumin–isoleucine conjugate had a molecular ion peak of 581.16 m/z ([M+H]+), corresponding to its theoretical mass. In contrast, the curcumin–phenylalanine conjugate did not show the expected ionic peak, so only the curcumin–isoleucine conjugate was tested for antibacterial activity in vitro by the microdilution method. The test results showed antibacterial activity at a concentration of 2000 ppm. Further research will focus on the release of Boc groups to increase antibacterial activity. Abstrak. Kurkumin adalah senyawa polifenol utama dari Curcuma longa yang memiliki beragam aktivitas biologis, termasuk sebagai antibakteri. Namun, kelarutan yang rendah dalam air dan stabilitasnya yang kurang membatasi pemanfaatannya secara maksimal. Salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas biologis kurkumin adalah melalui konjugasi dengan asam amino. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis konjugat kurkumin dengan asam amino fenilalanin dan isoleusin sebagai kandidat antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Sintesis dilakukan dengan metode esterifikasi Steglich menggunakan DCC dan DMAP dalam pelarut dioksan, diikuti pemurnian melalui kromatografi kolom dengan silika gel. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan terbentuknya konjugat kurkumin–fenilalanin(Boc) dan kurkumin–isoleusin(Boc) dengan rendemen masing-masing 2,09% dan 1,46%. Analisis spektrometri massa menunjukkan bahwa konjugat kurkumin–isoleusin memiliki puncak ion molekul sebesar 581,16 m/z ([M+H]+), sesuai dengan massa teoritisnya. Sebaliknya, konjugat kurkumin–fenilalanin tidak menunjukkan puncak ion yang diharapkan, sehingga hanya konjugat kurkumin–isoleusin yang diuji aktivitas antibakterinya secara in vitro dengan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil uji menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri pada konsentrasi 2000 ppm. Penelitian lanjutan akan difokuskan pada pelepasan gugus Boc untuk meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri.

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Publication Details

Journal
Bandung Conference Series Pharmacy
Published
2025-08-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v5i2.19896
Primary Topic
Enzyme Production and Characterization
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article
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article

Sintesis Konjugat Kurkumin dengan Fenilalanin dan Isoleusin sebagai Kandidat Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Nurul Maulida, Nety Kurniaty, Rani Maharani
Bandung Conference Series Pharmacy
Enzyme Production and Characterization
article

Sintesis Konjugat Kurkumin dengan Fenilalanin dan Isoleusin sebagai Kandidat Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Nurul Maulida, Nety Kurniaty, Rani Maharani
article en

Abstract

Abstract. Curcumin is the main polyphenol compound of Curcuma longa that has a variety of biological activities, including as an antibacterial. However, its low solubility in water and its lack of stability limit its maximum utilization. One strategy to increase the biological effectiveness of curcumin is through conjugation with amino acids. This study aims to synthesize curcumin conjugate with the amino acids phenylalanine and isoleucine as antibacterial candidates against Staphylococcus aureus. Synthesis was carried out by the Steglich esterification method using DCC and DMAP in dioxane solvents, followed by purification through column chromatography with silica gel. The synthesis results showed the formation of curcumin-phenylalanine (Boc) and curcumin-isoleucin(Boc) conjugate with yields of 2.09% and 1.46%, respectively. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the curcumin–isoleucine conjugate had a molecular ion peak of 581.16 m/z ([M+H]+), corresponding to its theoretical mass. In contrast, the curcumin–phenylalanine conjugate did not show the expected ionic peak, so only the curcumin–isoleucine conjugate was tested for antibacterial activity in vitro by the microdilution method. The test results showed antibacterial activity at a concentration of 2000 ppm. Further research will focus on the release of Boc groups to increase antibacterial activity. Abstrak. Kurkumin adalah senyawa polifenol utama dari Curcuma longa yang memiliki beragam aktivitas biologis, termasuk sebagai antibakteri. Namun, kelarutan yang rendah dalam air dan stabilitasnya yang kurang membatasi pemanfaatannya secara maksimal. Salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas biologis kurkumin adalah melalui konjugasi dengan asam amino. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis konjugat kurkumin dengan asam amino fenilalanin dan isoleusin sebagai kandidat antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Sintesis dilakukan dengan metode esterifikasi Steglich menggunakan DCC dan DMAP dalam pelarut dioksan, diikuti pemurnian melalui kromatografi kolom dengan silika gel. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan terbentuknya konjugat kurkumin–fenilalanin(Boc) dan kurkumin–isoleusin(Boc) dengan rendemen masing-masing 2,09% dan 1,46%. Analisis spektrometri massa menunjukkan bahwa konjugat kurkumin–isoleusin memiliki puncak ion molekul sebesar 581,16 m/z ([M+H]+), sesuai dengan massa teoritisnya. Sebaliknya, konjugat kurkumin–fenilalanin tidak menunjukkan puncak ion yang diharapkan, sehingga hanya konjugat kurkumin–isoleusin yang diuji aktivitas antibakterinya secara in vitro dengan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil uji menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri pada konsentrasi 2000 ppm. Penelitian lanjutan akan difokuskan pada pelepasan gugus Boc untuk meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri.

Bandung Conference Series PharmacyVol. 5(2)
Openalex Percentile: Top 76%
Enzyme Production and Characterization
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