Risk Factors for Choroidal Detachment and Flat Anterior Chamber Following Ahmed Valve Implantation

Purpose: To investigate risk factors associated with choroidal detachment and flat anterior chamber following Ahmed valve implantation.Methods: This retrospective study reviewed of 94 glaucomatous eyes from 94 patients who underwent Ahmed valve implantation with a follow-up period of at least 1 year. Preoperative age, sex, intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma type, axial length, central corneal thickness, lens status, and systemic diseases were evaluated.Results: Following Ahmed valve implantation, choroidal detachment occurred in 22 eyes, and a flat anterior chamber developed in eight eyes. Eyes with choroidal detachment were associated with older age, higher preoperative IOP, shorter axial length, diabetes, hypertension, pseudophakia, and lower mean deviation (MD) on visual field testing. Multivariate analysis identified significant associations of postoperative choroidal detachment with age (p = 0.005), preoperative IOP (p = 0.024), neovascular glaucoma (p< 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.025), and hypertension (p = 0.018). Similarly, eyes with a flat anterior chamber were associated with older age, higher preoperative IOP, shorter axial length, diabetes, hypertension, pseudophakia, and lower MD. Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations of a postoperative flat anterior chamber with age (p < 0.001), preoperative IOP (p < 0.001), axial length (p = 0.022), neovascular glaucoma (p < 0.001), and hypertension (p = 0.036).Conclusions: The risk of choroidal detachment after Ahmed valve implantation is significantly associated with older age, high preoperative IOP, neovascular glaucoma, diabetes, and hypertension. Similarly, the risk of a flat anterior chamber is associated with older age, high preoperative IOP, short axial length, neovascular glaucoma, and hypertension.