The Role of Early Intervention Programs in the Habilitation of Premature Infants with Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy

This article explores the importance of early intervention programs in the habilitation process of preterm infants with perinatal encephalopathy. Given the high risk of psychomotor and neurocognitive developmental delays in this population, particular attention is paid to timely diagnosis and the initiation of comprehensive corrective support. The aim of the study was to identify individualized, age-sensitive periods in preterm children with various forms of perinatal pathology. Another objective was to determine the most effective rehabilitation methods at each stage, depending on the degree of maturity and the severity of neurosomatic deficits. An analysis of current approaches demonstrates that the implementation of personalized programs—including medical support, neuropsychological correction, physiotherapy, and family involvement—contributes to improved functional outcomes and reduced neurological deficits in children. The study highlights that key factors in effective habilitation include a multidisciplinary approach, consistency in therapeutic sessions, and the active participation of parents in the rehabilitation process. The importance of interdepartmental collaboration in building a support system for preterm children at risk of neurological disorders is emphasized. Special attention is given to the role of the family in unlocking the child’s compensatory potential and creating a supportive developmental environment.