Antioxidant activity of dandang gendis leaf extracts <i>Clinacanthus nutans</i> L. ethyl acetate solvent on free radical inhibition and increasing number of pancreas beta cells

Background: Excessive free radicals can cause oxidative stress, which is one of the main factors of pancreatic beta cell damage, thus contributing to the development of diabetes.Dandang Gendis leaves (Clinacanthus nutans L.) are known to contain active compounds that have potential as antioxidants.Objective: This study aims to reveal the antioxidant effect, expression of pancreatic cells and to screen the phytochemical obtained of dandang gendis.Methods: The dandang gendis leaf extract were screen the phytochemical, test the antioxidant activity, analyze flavonoid compounds contained in dandang gendis leaves using FT-IR, and determine the increase in the number and expression of pancreatic cells due to alloxan induction by histopathological examination of pancreatic cells.The sample was divided into 5 groups: healthy control, alloxan only, alloxan with Dandang Gendis at 50 mg/kg BW (M50), 100 mg/kg BW (M100), 150 mg/kg BW (M150), and alloxan with glibenclamide (MG).Results: The results of the phytochemical screening of dandang gendis leaf extract with ethyl acetate solvent contained flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, terpenoids, tannins, and phenolics.Antioxidant activity is moderately active, with an IC50 value of 160 mg/L.FT-IR analysis containing the functional groups OH, CH aliphatic, C=C aromatic and C-O indicated that this isolate is a flavonoid compound.At a concentration of 100 mg/kg BW of mice, dandang gendis leaf extract worked optimally in increasing the expression of pancreatic cells.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the dandang gendis leaf extract showed antioxidant activity and increased the expression of pancreatic cells.