Glycemic Control and Related Factors among Type 2 Diabetics in Urban Field Practice Area of a Tertiary Health Care Center in Central India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health issue characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, leading to various complications.Glycemic control, primarily assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, is essential for preventing complications.Despite well-established treatment guidelines, many patients fail to achieve optimal glycemic control.This study aims to assess glycemic control and its associated factors among T2DM patients in an urban field practice area of a tertiary healthcare center in Central India.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among diagnosed T2DM patients in an urban field practice area.A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle data.Glycemic control was assessed using HbA1c levels, with HbA1c <7% considered good control.Physical activity was evaluated using the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) scale.Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.Results: Out of 201 participants, 48.2% were male and 51.8% female, with a mean age of 60.59 10.04 years.The study found that a significant proportion of patients had poor glycemic control (HbA1c 7%).Factors significantly associated with poor control included higher body mass index, longer disease duration, inadequate physical activity, poor adherence to medication, and lack of dietary modifications.Logistic regression analysis revealed that obesity, lower education levels, and medication non-adherence were independent predictors of poor glycemic control. Conclusion:The study highlights a high prevalence of poor glycemic control among T2DM patients, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.Strategies such as patient education, lifestyle modification programs, and enhanced adherence to treatment regimens are crucial for improving glycemic outcomes and preventing complications.