Kajian Interaksi Obat Pasien Hipertensi Gagal Ginjal Kronis di RS X

Abstract. Drug interactions refer to the alteration of a drug’s effect due to the presence of other drugs, herbal products, food, or beverages. Hypertension with comorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD) contributes to the complexity of therapeutic management, often involving multiple drug combinations, thereby increasing the potential for drug interactions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of drug interactions in patients with hypertension and comorbid CKD. A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. The study subjects were patients diagnosed with hypertension and comorbid CKD during the period of January to December 2024. Data were collected retrospectively through a review of medical records. The prevalence of drug interactions in these patients was found to be 97.37%. Of these, interactions with pharmacodynamic mechanisms accounted for 94.20%, while pharmacokinetic mechanisms accounted for 5.80%. The majority of drug interactions were classified as moderate (94.20%), followed by major interactions (5.80%). The most frequent drug interaction occurred between calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and calcium supplements (96.05%), while the most common major interaction involved the combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (5.26%). Abstrak. Interaksi obat berkaitan dengan perubahan efek dari suatu obat yang disebabkan karena adanya obat lain, herbal makanan dan minuman. . Hipertensi dengan komorbid gagal ginjal kronis berperan dalam kompleksitas penatalaksanaan terapi dengan menggunakan berbagai kombinasi obat sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan prevalensi interaksi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan prevalensi interaksi obat pada pasien hipertensi komorbid gagal ginjal kronis. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional deskriptif dengan metode penelitian cross sectional. Subjek pada peneltitian adalah pasien hipertensi dengan komorbid gagal ginjal kronis selama periode januari-desember 2024. Data yang dikumpukan secara retrospektif dengan menelusuri rekam medis. Prevalensi interaksi obat pada pasien hipertensi komorbid gagal ginjal kronis sebesar 97,37%. Prevalensi interaksi obat yang terjadi dengan mekanisme farmakodinamik (94,20%) sedangkan farmakokinetik (5,80%). Kategori interaksi obat paling banyak yaitu moderate (94,20%) sedangkan major (5,80%) dan jenis interaksi obat tertinggi pada penggunaan calcium channel blocker (CCB) + kalsium (96,05%) dan jenis interaksi kategori major major pada penggunanaan obat Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) + Angiotensin receptor II blocker (ARB) (5,26%).