Treatment of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease: a mini-review

Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease is a prevalent and impactful form of crystal arthropathy. It usually targets the large joints of the extremities, significantly affecting daily life. Progression of this disease, commonly observed in older individuals and often mistaken for septic arthritis, osteoarthritis, or several rheumatic conditions, remains poorly understood. The disease can present in various forms, from asymptomatic to severe joint deformity. The primary goal of treating this disease is to firmly control inflammation, prevent joint deformities, and decisively stop attacks. Medications used to treat the disease include anti-rheumatic drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, oral, intramuscular, or intra-articular steroids, hydroxychloroquine, colchicine, methotrexate, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonists. Radiosynovectomy is a radioactive technique that effectively targets and eliminates inflamed synovium. This article highlights the importance of awareness and early intervention to manage this condition effectively.