Dynamic Flow-Controlled 3D-Printed Chip with Push-Pull Design for Vascularized Carcinoma Organoids

In this study, we developed an innovative 3D-printed microfluidic chip featuring a push-pull structural design that maintains sustained fluid pressure differentials, thereby significantly prolonging interstitial flow duration to enhance angiogenesis. The pump-free system incorporates an adjustable mechanical slider capable of re-initiating interstitial flow after 24 hours of operation. This unique design substantially improved vascular network formation, resulting in increased vascular node density and enhanced junctional connectivity. The resulting vascular networks exhibit upregulated CD31 expression within the chip and demonstrated an effective perfusion capability for microbeads through the vascular lumen. To further demonstrate its applicability, we processed and cultured clinical patient-derived tumor specimens to generate mature lung adenocarcinoma organoids, which were subsequently integrated into the platform. This design provides a robust system for constructing vascularized tumor organoids, offering a powerful tool for anticancer drug screening and therapeutic efficacy evaluation.