Design and Analysis of Electromagnetic Composite for RCS Reduction

The increasing demand for advanced stealth technologies has led to the exploration of innovative materials with tailored electromagnetic properties. This study focuses on the estimation of Radar Cross Section (RCS) of carbon fiber-reinforced nanofiller composites designed for stealth applications. The composite is fabricated by integrating carbon fibers with nanofillers such as graphene nanoparticles in a polymer matrix to achieve lightweight, high-strength, and superior electromagnetic performance. The influence of the nanofiller and its dispersion quality on the material's permittivity and surface roughness is systematically analyzed to optimize microwave absorption and reflection loss characteristics. Experimental evaluations are conducted to estimate RCS reduction for a planner shape microwave absorber of carbon fibers and nanofiller, which enhance radar wave attenuation through absorption and scattering demonstrating the material's potential to attenuate electromagnetic interference (EMI) effectively. The results indicate that the optimized composite achieves substantial RCS reduction with frequency and nature of the material significantly with complex permittivity of the fabricated sample. The computation of RCS based on dielectric properties of the material and its behaviour in X-band frequency strengthen its as a promising candidate for applications in stealth aircraft and electromagnetic shielding.