Submicrometric Hierarchical Nanoporous Patterns for Lubricant-Infused Surfaces with Enhanced Lubricant Retention and Recovery

In this work, submicrometric well patterns formed on silicon were combined with rough copper oxide nanostructures to create a multi-tiered surface for water-repelling, lubricant-infused surface (LIS) applications. The surface configuration features reduced size differences between reservoir wells and nanostructures, enhancing resistance to shear-induced drainage. Lubricants of differing viscosities were tested to compare retention capability against shed droplets and the ability to passively reform the interface in case of degradation, extending functionality. We envision the fabrication methods and obtained experimental results to provide insight into designing different hydrophobic surfaces with long-lasting performance.