Electrochemical Biosensor for Real-Time In-Vivo Monitoring of Tumor pH, Oxygen, and Electrical Conductivity
This paper introduces an innovative multi-modal electrochemical biosensor, leveraging a 3D microneedle platform for real-time tumor microenvironment monitoring. By integrating pH, pO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>, and electrical conductivity sensing, it enables continuous, multi-parameter analysis. Experimental validation highlights a pH sensitivity of -10.58 mV/pH (pH 4 to 10), oxygen sensitivity of-607.04 nAlmmHg (4 to 155 mmHg in 20°C DI water), and electrical conductivity cell constant of 5.35 m-<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sup>. In-vivo tumor testing showed physiological values of pH 6.69, 25.92 mmHg oxygen, and 0.68 Sim conductivity. These results confirm the biosensor's performance and its potential in cancer diagnostics, drug evaluation, and personalized therapy development.
Authors
- Balasubramaniam Natarajan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6429-9003)
- Rahul A. Sheth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9615-8985)
- Aabila Tharzeen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-3888)
- Jungkwun Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7428-4315)
- Jun Ying Tan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-5705)
- Poonam Yadav (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0344-1261)
- Santosh Kumar Mandal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-8217)
Institutions
- University of North Texas (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Kansas State University (US)
Publication Details
- Published
- 2025-06-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1109/transducers61432.2025.11111189
- Primary Topic
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Science Foundation