A Dual Channel Fiber Optical SPR Sensor for Combined Detection of Diabetes and its Complications

Diabetes is a chronic disease, accompanied by a series of complications, of which diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one representative disease. Simultaneous detection of glucose and uric acid, as key diagnostic biomarkers of diabetes and DKD, improves early diagnostic accuracy. However, the traditional single-channel fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (FO-SPR) sensor is not suitable for the detection of multiple biomarkers in clinical diagnostics. This paper reports a dual-channel FO-SPR sensor functionalized with two-dimensional heterostructures. The effect of the metal layer thickness was studied through theoretical simulations, and the sensitivity enhancement provided by the heterostructure was verified experimentally. The two sensing areas exhibited sensitivities of 26376.75 nm/RIU and 29746.83 nm/RIU, respectively. Pyrene-1-boronic acid and uricase were immobilized on the sensor to improve specificity for glucose and uric acid, respectively. The sensitivities to glucose and uric acid reached 0.28 nm/mM and 0.86 nm/mM, respectively. The newly proposed FO-SPR sensor shows great potential for applications in health monitoring and disease diagnosis.