Effectiveness of VMD in Removing of in Band Interference

In-band interference at RF level has become a significant challenge in modern wireless communication systems, where signals within the same frequency band interrupt each other intentionally or unintentionally, leading to degradation in performance. This phenomenon occurs in crowded spectral environments, where multiple devices or systems operate in close proximity. In-band interference can arise from various sources, including co-channel interference, inter modulation, and adjacent channel interference. Its impact includes signal distortion, reduced data rates, and increased error rates. Recently, it has been observed that one of our ground telemetry stations is highly affected by this issue due to the presence of a cellular tower nearby. The interference is more severe for tracking the unmanned airborne vehicle at low elevation angles (≤ 10 degrees) in S band ground telemetry system thereby degrading the signal quality as well as disrupting reliable data acquisition. Implementation of conventional filtering methods can cause risks of losing critical telemetry data, making them inadequate for preserving signal integrity. This paper explores Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) as a robust solution for in-band interference suppression. By decomposing the telemetry signal into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), VMD enables effective isolation and mitigation of interference while preserving key signal components. Experiments demonstrate that selectively analyzing IMFs allows successful recovery of the original bit stream after baseband demodulation, underscoring VMD's effectiveness in enhancing signal clarity in telemetry applications.