Hybrid Storage System Based on SMES and Batteries for Wind Farms

The significant power fluctuations associated with wind farms pose a major challenge to grid power quality. One solution to mitigate these fluctuations is the use of energy storage systems. However, in battery-based storage systems, frequent and rapid charge-discharge cycles can accelerate battery degradation. To address this challenge, this work presents a hybrid solution that combines superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) and batteries. This choice relies on the fact that a key characteristic of SMES is its high power density compared to other energy storage technologies like batteries, along with a virtually illimited number of cycles. Hybridizing the storage system will prevent very fast or extreme charging rates, thereby reducing the risk of accelerated battery degradation. The control strategies for both storage systems are presented. The overall system is evaluated through simulation studies, which confirm the expected outcomes.