Oral lichen planus arising after COVID-19 vaccine: report of 2 cases

This study aims to present two clinical cases of oral lichen planus (OLP) treated at the Stomatology Clinic of the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL) and to explore a possible association between lesion onset and COVID-19 vaccination, thereby contributing to the understanding of adverse mucosal reactions. Materials and Methods: Clinical data, physical examinations, incisional biopsies, and histopathological analyses were used, with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining for diagnostic purposes. Results: In both cases, the diagnosis of oral lichen planus was confirmed through biopsy and histopathological analysis. The onset of lesions coincided with COVID-19 vaccination. Treatment with prescribed corticosteroids was effective in relieving symptoms and resolving the lesions. These findings suggest a temporal relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and the manifestation of oral lichen planus. Conclusion: A cytokine surge triggered by COVID-19 vaccination may be associated with the onset of oral lichen planus. However, current scientific consensus maintains that such adverse effects do not constitute a contraindication for vaccination, as the benefits of immunization far outweigh the potential risks.