A Review on Photocatalytic Oil/Water Separation Membranes Based on Ti-MOFs

The escalating global issue of oil-water pollution demands advanced separation technologies that combine efficiency, sustainability, and reusability. Ti-tani-um-based metal-organic frameworks (Ti-MOFs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their unique structural and functional properties. This review systematically examines the design, fabrication, and application of Ti-MOFs for oil-water separation, highlighting their superior attributes, including excep-tion-al chemical stability, photocatalytic self-cleaning capability, and tunable wetta-bility. Key fabrication strategies such as in situ growth, physical compo-siting, and interfacial crosslinking are discussed, with emphasis on optimizing mem-brane performance through hierarchical pore engineering and heterojunc-tion coupling. Practical applications demonstrate their efficacy in industrial wastewater treatment and marine spill remediation. Despite these advances, challenges remain in scalable synthesis and long-term stability under harsh conditions. Future directions include multifunctional membrane design and ecological impact assessments to facilitate real-world deployment. Ti-MOFs represent a transformative approach to sustainable oil-water separation, bridg-ing the gap between laboratory innovation and industrial implementa-tion.