Coagulation profile and Platelet indices as a predictive marker in Gestational Hypertension and Pre-eclampsia- A case-control study of 260 cases

Introduction: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is the leading medical condition during pregnancy that can result in multiple organ systems failing in the mother. PIH is recognized worldwide as a major cause of illness and death in both mothers and newborns. This research aimed to compare platelet levels and blood clotting factors (PT, APTT) between pregnant women with high blood pressure and those with normal blood pressure. The study also sought to determine the severity of PIH. Materials and Methods: A comparative study was conducted over a one-year period to analyze platelet parameters and coagulation profiles (Prothrombin Time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time) in overall 260 pregnant women with 130 PIH cases and 130 normotensive pregnancies treated as control group. Results: In PIH (includes Gestational Hypertension, Mild Pre-Eclampsia, Severe Pre-Eclampsia), A statistically significant decrease in platelet count was observed compared to the control group. Additionally, both Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) were prolonged, and these differences were also statistically significant. Conclusion: The severity of PIH is negatively correlated with platelet count, and as thrombocytopenia worsens, the risk of coagulopathy rises. Both the APTT and PT were extended. A standard screening test for coagulopathy in PIH that is quick, easy, and inexpensive is the platelet count.